Release time：2025-12-29

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to rise globally. A 2012 survey in China indicated a prevalence rate of 10.8% among adults, highlighting the urgent need for standardized pathological diagnosis. According to the 2018 Expert Consensus on Standardized Diagnosis of Renal Biopsy Pathology, renal biopsy requires integration of light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. Among these, special staining techniques are crucial for precise diagnosis. This article highlights four core special staining methods: PAS staining visualizes basement membranes and glycoproteins (purplish-red), applied in membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; Masson's trichrome staining distinguishes collagen fibers (e.g., red mesangial areas) from amyloid deposits (gray-blue), effectively diagnosing renal amyloidosis and malignant hypertensive lesions; Hexamine silver staining clearly visualizes basement membrane spikes and chain-link patterns, suitable for membranous nephropathy and diffuse mesangial sclerosis; reticular fiber staining requires combination with other methods to evaluate basement membrane lattices. The integrated application of these techniques comprehensively reveals histopathological lesions, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and prognostic assessment. Translated with DeepL.com (free version)

Release time：2025-12-29

As a representative method of special staining, Stains silver staining achieves precise visualization of microbial tissues through its silver ion labeling principle. By comparing six mainstream techniques—including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and W-S silver staining—and combining 40× microscopic imaging evidence (Figures 2–8), this study validates its comprehensive advantages in operational standardization, staining stability, and clarity of result interpretation.

Release time：2025-12-15

Pathological diagnosis stands as the gold standard for disease diagnosis. From Rudolf Virchow's monocular microscope in the 19th century to today's molecular pathology techniques, each advancement in microscopic technology has propelled pathology to new heights. This visual revolution—from organ-level to molecular-level observation—continues to reshape the boundaries of our understanding of disease.

Release time：2025-09-09