FavorablehistologyWilmstumor (FHWT) is the most common childhood renal tumor with a 5-year overall survival rate of more than 90%. Abnormalities in its molecular targets are closely associated with prognosis and treatment options (mainly from the NWTS-5 clinical trial):

(1) About 15-20% of Wilms' tumors are accompanied by WT1 (11p13) mutation or deletion, which is associated with pathogenesis, pathologic staging, and long-term prognosis;

(2) 1q acquisition accounts for about 25% of FHWT, has a high correlation with recurrence, and is a new prognostic indicator (AREN11B3 trial);

(3) 1p heterozygous deletion (LOH) suggests a poor prognosis;

(4) 16q heterozygous deletion (LOH) suggests a poor prognosis.